NATIONAL IRANIAN OIL REFINING AND DISTRIBUTION COMPANY (NOIRDC)

Although National Iranian Oil Refining and Distribution Company ( NIORDC ) is formed nearly in the past decade and began its activities within a new framework, the company is actually inherited 90 years of Iran’s Oil Industries experiences in the fields of refining, transferring and distributing of oil products, as well as, engineering and construction of installations of oil industries.

Installations and capabilities of NIORDC:

• Nine crude oil refineries in Tehran , Tabriz , Isfahan , Abadan , Kermanshah , Shiraz , Bandar Abbas , Arak and Lavan Island . 
• 
  Fourteen thousand kilometers of crude oil and oil product transfer pipelines. 
• 
  150 pumping stations. 
• 
  Oil industry telecommunication network. 
• 
  Operational zones for pipelines and telecommunication. 
• 
  35 operational zones for NIOPDC. 
• 194 operational areas for NIOPDC. 
• 
  Storage tank installations with 8 milliard litre capacity.
  
  

Abu Dhabi Refinery

Following the discovery of oil in Abu Dhabi in 1958, and the first export shipments of Crude in 1962, plans were drawn up for a grass root Refinery with a capacity of 15,000 barrels per stream day (BPSD) to meet a growing local need for petroleum products. Construction work on the project began in 1973 and the Refinery, costing an initial $45 million, was inaugurated in April 1976.
 
So rapid was the growth in demand for oil products, however, that work began almost immediately on installing a new Refinery to process a further 60,000 BPSD and this was commissioned in 1983.

Requirements continued to grow in the fast-developing Emirate, and ADNOC decided to expand capacity yet again, with environmental considerations in mind, to include additional units for Gas Oil Desulphurization and Sulphur recovery. The expanded Refinery started up in December 1992 with a rated capacity of 85,000 BPSD. 

 
A Salt and Chlorine Plant, commissioned at Umm Al Nar in 1981, was merged in 1990 with the Refinery to form the Abu Dhabi Refinery and Chlorine Division.

Subsequently it was permanently shutdown on 30th November, 2001. Two power plants, owned and operated by Umm Al Nar Power Company, and a Lube oil blending/filling plant, owned and operated by ADNOC Distribution, are located adjacent to the Refinery.

Al Shaheen Refinery

Qatar Petroleum is to build a further grass roots refinery at Mesaieed Industrial City to process crude oil from the Al Shaheen field situated about 180km north of Doha and operated by Maersk Oil Qatar AS.

The field, first developed in 1994 (discovered in 1992), produces over 260,000bpd but could be producing over 400,000bpd over the next five years if demand and processing capacity allow (over $2.5bn has already been invested in the field).

AL SHAHEEN REFINERY

Construction is expected to start by the end of 2008 and the call for bid tenders for the Engineering Procurement and Construction (EPC) contract was made in early January 2008 and expressions of interest were due in by mid-January.
"Al Shahhen is a grass roots refinery at Mesaieed Industrial City."

The whole project cost including the refinery and pipeline has been estimated at $5bn. Qatar Petroleum will finalise the prequalification and invite bids for the lump sum EPC construction contract by May 2008 and will finalise the contract in November 2008 with construction beginning shortly after.

Interest has been shown by a number of companies including: Daelim Industrial Company, GS Engineering & Construction, Hyundai Engineering & Construction Company and SK Engineering & Construction, Technip of France, Foster Wheeler and Washington Group International.

Laffan Refinery Company Limited Qatar

LAFFAN REFINERY

The Laffan Refinery Company Limited's plant currently under construction is designed to be one of the largest condensate refineries in the world when it starts production in 2009, with a processing capacity of 146,000 barrels per stream day (BPSD).

The Laffan Refinery will help to capture synergies and opportunities from the development of the North Field, Qatargas, RasGas and Ras Laffan City ventures.

The project involves construction of process units including utility systems, distillation units, naphtha and kerosene hydroheaters, a hydrogen unit and a saturated gas plant producing naphtha, kerosene, gasoil and LPG for the export market.

All major contracts have now been let and the detailed engineering is in its final stages at the contractor’s office in Korea.

The Engineering, Procurement and Construction (EPC) contractor for this project is a consortium of GS Engineering & Construction Corporation and Daewoo Engineering & Construction Company who were awarded the contract in May 2005.

The plant foundation stone was laid in April 2006 by HH Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al-Thani and construction work is now well underway.

Qatar Petroleum Refinery

QP REFINERY

Qatar Petroleum Refinery started as a small topping plant in 1958, which has grown over the years into a giant refinery organization, successfully making the State of Qatar self-sufficient and export oriented in refined oil and petroleum products by providing added value to part of the country’s natural wealth, improving refining economics and providing citizens with the necessary expertise in the areas of management, operation, engineering, maintenance and marketing. 

The main activity of the Refinery is to process the crude oil and condensate into various finished petroleum products, which are intended to meet the domestic demand as well as for export. The main finished products are liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), naphtha, premium gasoline, super gasoline, jet fuel, diesel and fuel oil. 

National Oil Distribution Company (NODCO) - Established in 1968 – owned 100% by Qatar Petroleum. ** Merged with Qatar Petroleum on 30 December 2000

Riyadh Refinery

SAUDI ARAMCO REFINING

Riyadh Refinery (120,000 barrel per day (BPD) capacity) in the Central Region of Saudi Arabia is supplied with crude oil from the East-West pipeline. Riyadh Refinery, unlike Rabigh or Yanbu Refineries, contains a vacuum column, which permits processing of the heavier crude fractions. Consequently the refinery contains a 30,000 BPD hydrocracker, for upgrading of heavy fraction. Riyadh Refinery also has a 30,000 BPD catalytic reformer for upgrading naphtha to gasoline blending products.

LARGEST MIDDLE EAST' S REFINER

Meeting demand requires extensive, integrated manufacturing and transportation systems. A kingdom-wide network of refining, supply, and distribution facilities, staffed by highly trained personnel, maintains this continual supply of refined products. 


Saudi Aramco's five domestic refineries, at Riyadh, Ras Tanura, Rabigh, Yanbu' and Jiddah, have a combined capacity of approx. 1.4 million barrels per day. Adding the company's two domestic joint-venture refineries, with ExxonMobil in Yanbu' and Shell in Jubail, brings in-Kingdom refining capacity to more than 1.9 million barrels daily, making Saudi Aramco one of the largest refiners in the world.

SAMREF

SAUDI ARAMCO MOBIL REFINERY COMPANY Ltd

Saudi Aramco Mobil Refinery Company Limited (SAMREF) has awarded a contract to Worley Parsons to execute the Front End Engineering Design (FEED) and Detailed Engineering, Procurement & Construction (EPC) of the SAMREF Clean Fuels Project. SAMREF is a 400,000 barrel per day Oil Refinery 50:50 Joint Venture between Saudi Aramco and ExxonMobil located at Yanbu Al-Sinaiyah, Saudi Arabia. The objective of the SAMREF Clean Fuels Project (CFP) is to reduce the sulfur levels in gasoline and diesel to 10 parts per million (ppm) in order to meet the environmental regulations of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The project encompasses significant, phased modifications to the refinery, with start-up expected in 2013. Commenting, the President & Chief Executive Officer of SAMREF, Mr. Fawwaz Nawwab, said: “SAMREF is pleased and delighted to undertake this major important environmental project to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. This project highlights the strong commitment of SAMREF to protect the environment. This is the largest project SAMREF has executed since its start-up in August 1984. SAMREF will continue its mission to supply the highest value product at the right time at a competitive cost while maintaining world class safety, reliability and environmental protection”.

Saudi Aramco Refinery

RAS TANURA REFINERY

The most complex Saudi Aramco refinery is on the Arabian Gulf at Ras Tanura with a crude distillation capacity of 550,000 barrels per day (BPD). Ras Tanura Refinery also has a 305,000 BPD NGL processing facility, a 960,000 BPD crude stabilization facility, 145/158 MW (summer/winter) of combined steam and gas turbine electrical power generation plants, a combined 150 lb and 600 lb steam capacity of 6,217 Mlb/hr, and 75 crude oil and products storage tanks with a combined capacity of 5.8 million barrels. 

Ras Tanura Refinery's major refining facilities include a 325,000 BPD Crude Distillation Unit, a 225,000 BPD Gas Condensate Distillation Unit, 50,000 BPD hydrocracker and a total of 107,000 BPD capacity of catalytic reforming. Ras Tanura Refinery is the only Saudi Aramco refinery that contains a Visbreaker (60,000 BPD). This refinery also produces 17,000 BPD of asphalt, more than any other refinery in the Kingdom. Crude is normally transferred to Ras Tanura through a pipeline and can also be supplied by ship. Most of Ras Tanura’s production is for domestic use and transferred to the Dhahran bulk plant, while some products are exported.

TERMINALS

Mammoth tank farms and shipping terminals supply crude oil, natural gas liquids and refined products to customers around the globe. Every year, more than 9,000 tankers call at Ras Tanura and Ju'aymah on the Arabian Gulf, and at Yanbu', Jiddah and Rabigh on the Red Sea. Since beginning its first terminal operations at Ras Tanura in 1939, Saudi Aramco has been on an ambitious expansion track that now enables its terminals to service the largest crude and LPG tankers afloat.

Egypt’s Oil Refinery

MIDOR

To remain Egypt’s leading Oil Refinery against potential aggressive new competitors.

Providing local as well as international market with premium quality refined products, by continuously seeking refining technological advances.
Maximizing shareholders value ,by identifying significant growth potentials and maximizing refinery margins.
Ensuring employees’ welfare, by imposing safe working conditions, providing retention, health and pension programs.  
Participating in Egypt’s Sustainable Development of which is lowering of greenhouse gas (GHG)emissions.

First private free zone refinery in Egypt. 
First deep conversion scheme refinery in Egypt processing the bottom of the Barrel based on advanced technology. 
First refinery in Egypt to produce more than 87% of white liquid products.
First refinery in Egypt to produce low sulfur diesel.
First refinery in Egypt utilizing its integrated facilities to export its refined products.
First refinery in Egypt having two alternative power supply sources first the National Network for electricity and second its own integrated power supply station.
First refinery in Egypt having it’s own integrated water supply station.

BORL

BHARAT OMAN REFINERIES LTD

Bharat Oman Refineries Limited (BORL), a company promoted by Bharat Petroleum

Corporation Limited (BPCL) and Oman Oil Company Limited (OOCL), is setting up a 6 MMTPA grass root refinery at Bina, District – Sagar, Madhya Pradesh along with crude supply system consisting of a Single Point Mooring system (SPM), Crude Oil Storage Terminal (COT) at Vadinar, District – Jamnagar, Gujrat and 935 Km long cross country crude pipeline from Vadinar to Bina.

The project envisages setting up following facilities:

• 6 MMTPA refinery located at Bina, District – Sagar, (M.P) for production of petroleum products.

• 
  Crude receipt & dispatch facilities comprising a Single Point Mooring (SPM) system and a Crude Oil Terminal (COT) at Vadinar, District – Jamnagar (Gujrat), and a 935 km cross country crude oil pipeline (24” diameter) from Vadinar to Bina pipeline (VBPL).
• 
  Pet Coke based Captive Cogeneration Power Plant (CPP) of 99 MW (33 x 3), and
• 
  Infrastructure facilities at the refinery as well as at COT e.g., township water supply system, etc.

Bina Refinery is 6 MMTPA grass-root refinery adopting state of art technologies designed to process Arab Mix crude (65% Arab Light and 35% Arab Heavy) but it will also have the flexibility to process other types of Middle East crude.

Oman Refineries And Petrochemical Company

ORPC

Oman Refineries and Petrochemicals Company LLC (ORPC) is a limited liability Company established vide the Royal Decree No. 99/2007 dated 23 September 2007 which stipulated the merger of Sohar Refinery Company LLC into Oman Refinery Company LLC. 

To ensure that the countrys needs of light products are met, the first Refinery in Oman, the Mina Al-Fahal Refinery (MAF), commenced its operations in 1982 with an initial design capacity of 50,000 bpd by utilizing Omani crude oil. The Refinery later increased its capacity gradually to 80,000 bpd by the year 1987 and then to 85,000 bpd by 2001. Today, the MAF Refinery processes 106,000 bpd after a major turnaround, inspection and revamp project which took place in April 2007. 

Twenty four years after the commissioning of the first Refinery in Oman, Sohar Refinery was commissioned in 2006 with a capacity of 116,000 bpd. Sohar Refinery was built with state-of-the-art technology to process the feedstock of long residue that is produced at MAF Refinery and blended with crude oil. This feedstock is transported to Sohar from MAF Refinery via a dedicated 24-inch diameter, 266 km long pipeline. Today ORPC’s total process capacity stands at 222,000 bpd. 

The Government of Oman, represented by the Ministry of Finance, owns 75% of the Company’s shares, while the Oman Oil Company owns 25%. 

ORPC will continue to provide quality services and products, and with the two locations it will take full advantage of the synergies and combined experiences in the business to benefit its customers and all stakeholders.

Shell Martinez Refinery

Shell's Martinez Refinery, in operation since 1915, is both a pioneer and a pacesetter. Throughout its history, it has amassed a tradition of technical achievement, and is currently one of the most complex refineries in the world.
  Located 30 miles northeast of San Francisco on about 1,000 acres of land, Shell's Martinez Refinery combines state-of-the-art facilities and equipment to convert up to 165,000 barrels of crude oil a day into many useful products. These products include automotive gasoline, jet fuel, diesel, petroleum coke, industrial fuel oils, liquefied petroleum gas, asphalt, and sulfur.

While high technology and expensive equipment are important in the daily operation of the Refinery, nothing is more important than our people. More than 700 men and women fill jobs encompassing a wide variety of activities. Most are highly skilled craftspersons and experienced operating personnel who work to make sure the Refinery functions safely and efficiently day and night.

There's also a large technical staff who plan for maintenance of equipment and construction of new facilities with safety, health, and the environment as primary considerations. Engineers and inspectors help fine tune operations for improved efficiency, while chemists and laboratory technicians assist the entire Refinery in assuring product quality.

The Products We Produce

Shell Martinez Refinery's product lineup falls into three categories. fuels, lubricants, and asphalts. Of these, fuels make up the largest volume of products, with about 85 percent of the oil processed here made into automotive gasoline, jet fuel, and diesel.

• Motor Gasoline
• Jet Turbine Fuel
• Diesel
• Petroleum Coke
• Residual Fuel Oils
• Road asphalt
• Lubricant products and base stocks
• Propane
• Sulfur

Pak Arab Refinery Ltd Co.

PARCO

PARCO is a fully integrated energy company and considered to be the leading player in the industry. It is one of the largest companies of the Pakistani corporate sector with an asset base approaching Rs. 100 billion. As a joint venture between the Governments of Pakistan and Abu Dhabi, it is seen as a role model of Pak-Arab business co-operation and an 'enlightened investment decision'. PARCO is poised to further consolidate its growth and strategic supplier role for the country. That's why PARCO MEANS corporate ENERGY.

White Oil Pipeline

The White Oil Pipeline is also a major strategic significance to the country. The half-a-billion dollar, 817 kilometer, 26 inch diameter dedicated refined product pipeline will make the transport of up to 12 million tons refined petroleum products to up-country destinations even more efficient, cost effective and environmentally friendly. The Pak-Arab Pipeline Company, with a 51% equity holding by PARCO, is expected to commission this project in October 2004. The remaining 49% equity is shared by Shell (26%), PSO (12%) and Caltex (11%). PARCO will contribute its unique first hand pipeline operations and management experience to help make the venture a success. PARCO also MEANS refined ENERGY.

Refinery and Infrastructure

The Refinery is located at Mahmood Kot, which is in the Muzaffargarh District of Pakistan. The city of Multan, only 65 km, from the Refinery is well connected with a national communications network of rail, road and air. The nearest rail link is through Mahmood Kot which is about five kilometers from the Refinery.  

Within a 30 km radius of the refinery, there are two thermal power complexes at Kot Addu and Muzaffargarh having a capacity of 1,500 and 1,300 MW respectively, while a 762 MW AES Fuel oil based thermal power complex at Lalpir is only 5 kilometers from the Refinery. The River Indus is around 10-15 kilometer on the South West side of the Refinery, while the River Chenab is 35 kilometers on the North East side of the Refinery.

OGDCL – The leading E&P Player in Pakistan

OGDL

OGDCL is the national oil & gas company of Pakistan and the flagship of the country’s E&P sector. The Company is the local market leader in terms of reserves, production and acreage, and is listed on all three stock exchanges in Pakistan and also on the London Stock Exchange since December 2006. The Company is all set to ride the wave of E&P activity, equipped with its Vision & Mission, Business and Strategic Plan, a debt-free and robust balance sheet and healthy cash reserves. The Company is ready to take on the challenges of a volatile E&P industry.

OGDCL’s under a forward looking management foresees the organization as not only the leading E&P Company of the country, but also as a company known for its people, partnerships and performance in the region. The Company continued with its strategies of accelerating oil and gas exploration, adding to its reserves, early development of newly discovered fields and strengthening of its oil and gas production base in order to enhance indigenous production of the country and create value for its shareholders.

Kuwait National Petroleum Co.

KNPC

Unprecedented growth in the worldwide demand for energy presents us with the opportunity to transform our business into a leading global force. We'll do it by aligning our performance, our people and our practice to this changed environment. Our mission, vision and values show the way.

The world demand for secure energy supplies is growing at unprecedented levels. Looking ahead to the future, the part we play and the resources we draw on, both human and physical, are more precious than ever to the customers we serve, the growth of our business, and to the prosperity of the Kuwaiti people. That's why it's our declared aim to be the best refiner in the Gulf.

The Projects Dep. received two international awards for the outstanding performance related to vocational safety for the year 2008. The two awards are the Gold Award from the Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents (RoSPA), UK for the third year in a row and the International Award from the British Safety Council (BSC) - UK for the fifth year.Clinching the two awards coincided with the PD announcement on reaching with the contractors, Twenty Million Accident Free Man-hours for the second time, reinforcing PD’s excellent safety performance in the field of vocational safety. It also indicates the appreciation and recognition of KNPC’s permanent commitment to Safety and Health criteria at workplace.

National Refinery Limited (NRL)

NATIONAL REFINERY LIMITED

Introduction

National Refinery Limited (NRL) was incorporated as a public limited company at Karachi in 1963. Government of Pakistan took over the management of NRL under the Economic Reforms Order, 1972. Presently NRL is under the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Resources which is exercising control through its shareholding in State Petroleum Refining and Petrochemical Corporation (PERAC).

NRL is highly reputed for the quality of its products. The NRL Quality Control Laboratories have ISO 9002 Certification. The Company’s Environmental Management System has been accorded ISO 14001 Certification and its Occupational Health & Safety Management System has been accorded OHSAS 18001 Certification.

NRL is a petroleum refining and petrochemical complex producing a wide range of fuels, lubes, BTX (petrochemicals), asphalts and specialty products for domestic consumption and export. It is located on a plot comprising 263 acres in the Korangi Industrial Area of Karachi. 

It is proposed to privatise NRL through sale of up to 51% equity and transfer of management control to a strategic investor. Citigroup Global Markets Limited is the financial advisor for this privatisation.

NRL Capacity

The company’s refineries have a combined crude oil processing capacity of 2,710,500 tonnes per annum (tpa). NRL’s two lube refineries have a combined designed production capacity of 176,200 tpa of lube base oils (LBO) and its BTX unit has a designed production capacity of 25,000 tpa. NRL enjoys a competitive edge as it is the only refinery producing LBO in Pakistan. Details of the different plants are given below.

• First Lube Refinery
• Hydroskimming Fuel Refinery
• Second Lube Refinery
• BTX (petrochemical) Plant

NRL’s gross storage capacity, both at the refinery site in Korangi and at Keamari harbour, comprises about 163,000 tonnes (20 days) for crude and 90,000 tonnes for petroleum products. The petroleum products are pumped from NRL storage tanks to oil marketing company (OMC) terminals or to Karachi airport by pipelines.

Flow diagram of typical refinery

FLOW DIAGAM OF REFINERY

The image below is a schematic flow diagram of a typical oil refinery that depicts the various unit processes and the flow of intermediate product streams that occurs between the inlet crude oil feedstock and the final end products. The diagram depicts only one of the literally hundreds of different oil refinery configurations. The diagram also does not include any of the usual refinery facilities providing utilities such as steam, cooling water, and electric power as well as storage tanks for crude oil feedstock and for intermediate products and end products.

There are many process configurations other than that depicted above. For example, the vacuum distillation unit may also produce fractions that can be refined into endproducts such as: spindle oil used in the textile industry, light machinery oil, motor oil, and steam cylinder oil. As another example, the vacuum residue may be processed in a coker unit to produce petroleum coke.

Siting/Locating of Petroleum Refineries

The principles of finding a construction site for refineries are similar to those for other chemical plants:
The site has to be reasonably far from residential areas.
Facilities for raw materials access and products delivery to markets should be easily available.
Processing energy requirements should be easily available.
Waste product disposal should not cause difficulties.

For refineries which use large amounts of process steam and cooling water, an abundant source of water is important. Because of this, oil refineries are often located (associated to a port) near navigable rivers or even better on a sea shore. Either are of dual purpose, making also available cheap transport by river or by sea. Although the advantages of crude oil transport by pipeline are evident, and the method is also often used by oil companies to deliver large output products such as fuels to their bulk distribution terminals, pipeline delivery is not practical for small output products. For these, rail cars, road tankers or barges may be used.

OIL REFINERY

An oil refinery is an industrial process plant where crude oil is processed and refined into more useful petroleum products, such as gasoline, diesel fuel, asphalt base, heating oil, kerosene, and liquefied petroleum gas.[1][2] Oil refineries are typically large sprawling industrial complexes with extensive piping running throughout, carrying streams of fluids between large chemical processing units.

OPERATION

Raw or unprocessed crude oil is not generally useful. Although "light, sweet" (low viscosity, low sulfur) crude oil has been used directly as a burner fuel for steam vessel propulsion, the lighter elements form explosive vapors in the fuel tanks and are therefore hazardous, especially in warships. Instead, the hundreds of different hydrocarbon molecules in crude oil are separated in a refinery into components which can be used as fuels, lubricants, and as feedstock in petrochemical processes that manufacture such products as plastics, detergents, solvents, elastomers and fibers such as nylon and polyesters.

Petroleum fossil fuels are burned in internal combustion engines to provide power for ships, automobiles, aircraft engines, lawn mowers, chainsaws, and other machines. Different boiling points allow the hydrocarbons to be separated by distillation. Since the lighter liquid products are in great demand for use in internal combustion engines, a modern refinery will convert heavy hydrocarbons and lighter gaseous elements into these higher value products.